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Amphetamine: effects on meal patterns and macronutrient selection.

S F Leibowitz, G Shor-Posner, C Maclow

    Brain Research Bulletin
    |November 1, 1986
    PubMed
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    d-amphetamine (AMPH) in the lateral perifornical hypothalamus (PFH) suppresses feeding initiation and reduces overall food intake. This catecholamine stimulation selectively inhibits protein consumption, impacting appetite regulation and macronutrient selection in rats.

    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Behavioral Neuroscience
    • Physiology

    Background:

    • Catecholaminergic systems in the lateral perifornical hypothalamus (PFH) are implicated in inhibiting feeding behavior.
    • d-amphetamine (AMPH) is known to release endogenous catecholamines (CAs), suggesting a role in appetite regulation.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the effects of direct PFH administration of AMPH on spontaneous feeding and appetite regulation in rats.
    • To determine the impact of hypothalamic CA stimulation on macronutrient selection.

    Main Methods:

    • Rats received direct injections or chronic infusions of AMPH into the PFH.
    • Computer-monitored meal patterns were analyzed.
    • Macronutrient selection was assessed after central or peripheral AMPH administration and central CA agonist administration.

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    Main Results:

    • Direct PFH AMPH injection suppressed food intake, increasing latency to meal onset and reducing meal size/duration.
    • Chronic PFH AMPH infusion suppressed 24-hour food intake and body weight gain.
    • Hypothalamic CA stimulation selectively inhibited protein intake, with minimal effects on carbohydrate and fat intake.

    Conclusions:

    • Hypothalamic AMPH administration primarily influences feeding initiation.
    • Lateral hypothalamic CA stimulation effectively modulates long-term feeding patterns and body weight.
    • Catecholaminergic innervation to the lateral hypothalamus plays a significant role in natural feeding behavior and macronutrient selection, particularly protein intake.