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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Author Spotlight: Deciphering the Cognitive and Neural Mechanisms of Gesture in Communication

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Published on: January 26, 2024

Stuttering as a spectrum disorder: A hypothesis.

Shahriar SheikhBahaei¹, Marissa Millwater¹, Gerald A Maguire²

¹Neuron-Glia Signaling and Circuits Unit, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke (NINDS), National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, 20892, MD, USA.

Current Research in Neurobiology

|November 29, 2023

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Childhood-onset fluency disorder (stuttering) affects millions globally. Research shows stuttering is heterogeneous, requiring personalized therapy approaches for diverse causes.

Keywords:

Childhood-onset fluency disorder Neurodevelopment Spectrum disorder Stuttering

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Area of Science:

Speech and Language Pathology
Neuroscience
Genetics

Background:

Childhood-onset fluency disorder, or stuttering, impacts over 70 million adults worldwide.
Stuttering typically begins in childhood, is more common in males, and manifests during conversational speech.
Existing research often treats stuttering as a uniform condition, potentially masking underlying etiological diversity.

Purpose of the Study:

To emphasize that stuttering is a heterogeneous condition with varied etiologies.
To advocate for personalized therapy approaches based on individual causes.
To highlight the need for research and clinical practices to acknowledge this variability.

Main Methods:

Consolidation of historical and recent observations on stuttering.
Analysis of clinical manifestations and potential underlying causes.
Application of precision medicine principles to stuttering treatment.

Main Results:

Evidence suggests stuttering arises from diverse etiologies, not a single cause.
Viewing stuttering as a spectrum disorder acknowledges its inherent variability.
Heterogeneity in stuttering necessitates tailored treatments for specific subgroups.

Conclusions:

Stuttering is a heterogeneous condition with diverse underlying causes.
Personalized therapeutic approaches are crucial for effective stuttering treatment.
Recognizing stuttering as a spectrum disorder aligns with precision medicine principles.