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Area of Science:

  • Infectious Diseases
  • Healthcare Management
  • Clinical Epidemiology

Background:

  • Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT) is crucial for managing complex infections.
  • Predicting unplanned readmissions in OPAT patients is essential for resource allocation and patient care.
  • The Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) is a widely used measure of comorbidity burden.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the Charlson Comorbidity Index (CCI) as a predictor of unplanned readmissions in patients undergoing Outpatient Parenteral Antimicrobial Therapy (OPAT).

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 741 patients receiving OPAT between 2019-2021.
  • Categorization of unplanned hospitalizations into OPAT-related and non-OPAT-related.
  • Calculation of CCI scores and logistic regression analysis to identify risk factors for readmission.

Main Results:

  • 15.1% of patients experienced unplanned readmissions.
  • Mean CCI was higher for readmitted patients (4.22 for OPAT-related, 4.89 for non-OPAT-related) compared to non-readmitted patients (3.30).
  • Increased CCI, age, and male gender were associated with higher readmission odds, but did not reach statistical significance.

Conclusions:

  • A higher CCI score suggests a potential increase in unplanned hospitalization risk for OPAT patients.
  • The CCI may inform future patient selection for OPAT services.
  • Further research is warranted to validate the CCI's predictive value in OPAT settings.