Case Report: Unveiling an Incidentally Diagnosed Extrapulmonary Small Cell Carcinoma of the Rectum

Extrapulmonary small cell carcinoma (EPSCC) is a rare malignancy with distinct clinical and pathological characteristics. We present the case of a 72-year-old male diagnosed with EPSCC of the rectum during a routine screening colonoscopy. The patient was asymptomatic, and pathological examination revealed a rectal mass displaying features of small cell carcinoma (SCC) associated with tubular adenoma. The treatment comprised radiation therapy and cisplatin/etoposide chemotherapy. This case underscores the importance of considering EPSCC as a potential diagnosis in patients with rectal masses, necessitating further studies to optimize treatment strategies.