Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting
05:56

Acupoint Application Combined with Acupressure as an Adjunctive Therapy for Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting

Published on: June 21, 2024

834

Comparative Analysis of Oral Ondansetron, Metoclopramide, and Domperidone for Managing Vomiting in Children With

Muazzam Ahmad1, Anurag Rawat2, Shireen Farrukh3

  • 1Pharmacology, Khyber Medical College, Peshawar, PAK.

Cureus
|November 29, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Oral ondansetron effectively reduced vomiting in children with acute gastroenteritis (AGE). It proved more effective than domperidone and metoclopramide within 24 hours for managing pediatric AGE symptoms.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Gastroenterology
  • Clinical Pharmacology

Background:

  • Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a significant pediatric health issue.
  • Vomiting associated with AGE exacerbates dehydration and illness severity in children.
  • Effective antiemetic therapy is crucial for managing pediatric AGE.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare the efficacy of oral ondansetron against oral domperidone and oral metoclopramide for treating vomiting in pediatric AGE.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of ondansetron in reducing vomiting episodes in children with AGE.

Main Methods:

  • A single-blind randomized clinical trial was conducted with 120 pediatric patients diagnosed with AGE.
  • Participants received weight-adjusted oral doses of ondansetron (0.15 mg/kg), metoclopramide (0.1-0.2 mg/kg), or domperidone (0.5 mg/kg).
  • Vomiting cessation rates and adverse effects were analyzed using SPSS version 20.0.

Main Results:

  • Within 6 hours, vomiting cessation rates were 80.0% for ondansetron, 72.5% for domperidone, and 67.5% for metoclopramide (p=0.29).
  • By 24 hours, ondansetron showed significantly higher efficacy (92.5%) compared to domperidone (82.5%) and metoclopramide (77.5%) (p=0.03).
  • Adverse effects were minimal and comparable across all treatment groups.

Conclusions:

  • Oral ondansetron demonstrated superior efficacy in managing AGE-related vomiting in children within 24 hours.
  • Ondansetron offers a more effective treatment option for pediatric AGE vomiting compared to metoclopramide and domperidone.
  • The study supports the use of oral ondansetron for improved clinical outcomes in pediatric AGE.

Keywords:
acute gastroenteritisantiemetic treatmentdomperidonemetoclopramideondansetronoral treatmentpediatric populationvomiting

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: Alleviating Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy with Safe and Effective Auricular Acupuncture05:33

Author Spotlight: Alleviating Nausea and Vomiting in Pregnancy with Safe and Effective Auricular Acupuncture

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.4K
A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings06:59

A Novel Approach for the Administration of Medications and Fluids in Emergency Scenarios and Settings

Published on: November 9, 2016

30.5K

Related Concept Videos

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists01:27

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: 5-HT3 Receptor Antagonists

5-HT3 receptor antagonists, such as dolasetron, granisetron (Kytril), ondansetron (Zofran), and palonosetron (Axoli), are crucial in managing chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) and postoperative nausea. These drugs selectively block 5-HT3 receptors in the visceral vagal and spinal afferent nerves, chemoreceptor trigger zone, and the vomiting center. They have a rapid onset of action and can be given as a single dose before chemotherapy. Ondansetron and granisetron, in particular,...
215
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:28

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Prokinetic agents are specialized medications that stimulate gastrointestinal (GI) motility, promoting food movement through the GI tract. Dopamine, an inhibitory neurotransmitter, plays a significant role in this process, reducing GI motility and indirectly controlling the speed of digestion. Dopamine receptor antagonists, such as metoclopramide and domperidone, offer a unique advantage as prokinetic agents. By blocking the dopamine receptors, these drugs increase GI motility, improving food...
342
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists01:29

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Dopamine Receptor Antagonists

Dopamine receptor antagonists, also known as antipsychotic agents, are critical in managing chemotherapy-induced vomiting. These antiemetic agents block dopamine receptors in the chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ), inhibiting signal transmission to the vomiting center. Antipsychotic agents encompass phenothiazines (PTZ), butyrophenones, benzamides, and thienobenzodiazepines (Zyprexa), which are utilized for their antiemetic and sedative properties.
Phenothiazines, such as prochlorperazine...
303
Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists01:28

Chemotherapy-Induced Nausea and Vomiting: Neurokinin-1 Receptor Antagonists

Neurokinin 1 (NK1) receptors are distributed across the GI tract, vagal afferents, and key CNS regions including the central vomiting center and chemoreceptor trigger zone (CTZ) Chemotherapy agents stimulate enterochromaffin cells in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract to release large amounts of substance P (SP). SP is a neuropeptide released by specific sensory nerves in response to many different stressors, including those in the GI mucosa affected by chemotherapy.  SP binds and activates...
168
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents01:17

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Opioids as Antidiarrheal Agents

Diarrhea, a condition marked by frequent loose or watery bowel movements, can be triggered by multiple factors such as viral or bacterial infections, food intolerances, anxiety, medications, and digestive disorders. Symptoms may include abdominal pain, bloating, nausea, and cramping. Severe or prolonged diarrhea can lead to complications like electrolyte imbalances, malnutrition, and dehydration if left untreated.
Opioids, widely used antidiarrheal agents, mitigate diarrhea by slowing down...
210
Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists01:23

Drugs Affecting GI Tract Motility: Serotonin Receptor Agonists

Serotonin, a crucial neurotransmitter synthesized by enterochromaffin cells, plays a cardinal role in regulating gastrointestinal (GI) motility. With over 90% of the body's total serotonin in the GI tract, its influence on digestive processes is profound. Serotonin is swiftly released upon various stimuli, such as food boluses or certain drugs, triggering intrinsic sensory neurons in the myenteric plexus and extrinsic vagal and spinal sensory neurons. This leads to the activation of the...
266