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Intravenous Iron Technique Evaluation in Chronic Heart Failure With Iron Deficiency Anemia
Rohit Gosavi1, Nitin B Jadhav1, Abhijeet Nashte1
1Department of Medicine, Krishna Vishwa Vidyapeeth, Karad, IND.
Insights
Intravenous iron therapy significantly improved symptoms in patients with chronic heart failure and iron deficiency anemia. The treatment led to notable enhancements in the New York Heart Association classification, indicating better heart function.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Hematology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Iron deficiency anemia (IDA) is prevalent in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF).
- IDA can exacerbate CHF symptoms and negatively impact quality of life.
Purpose of the Study:
- To assess the efficacy of intravenous (IV) iron therapy in improving symptoms of CHF in patients with IDA.
Main Methods:
- A study involving 66 patients with heart failure (HF) and iron deficiency anemia.
- Patients received IV iron therapy, with data collected on demographics, comorbidities, and hematological parameters.
- Symptom severity was assessed using the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification before and after treatment.
Main Results:
- IV iron therapy resulted in a significant improvement in NYHA classification (p < 0.001).
- A substantial number of patients with NYHA class III and II symptoms improved to lower classes after treatment.
- Specifically, 44.83% of NYHA class III patients improved, and 59.45% of NYHA class II patients improved to NYHA class I.
Conclusions:
- Parenteral iron therapy notably enhances NYHA classification in CHF patients with IDA.
- Intravenous iron therapy demonstrates advantageous effects in treating iron deficiency anemia.
- Iron therapy effectively mitigates symptoms in individuals with cardiac insufficiency.
Objective:
This study aimed to investigate and assess whether IV iron improves symptoms of chronic heart failure (CHF) in patients with iron deficiency anemia (IDA).
Method:
A total of 66 subjects with heart failure (HF) seeking therapy in the Department of Medicine's Inpatient Department (IPD) and Outpatient Department (OPD) were included. The data were collected during an outpatient or inpatient visit, documented in a predesigned and pretested proforma and then evaluated. All subjects received history-taking, examinations and regular laboratory tests after being informed and signing an agreement. On admission, the following data was collected: name, age, gender and comorbidities. The examination of subjects included a general examination and a systematic examination. Hematological parameters including hemoglobin (Haemometer, Top Tech Bio Medicals Mumbai), serum iron (Roche Cobas c501, USA), total iron binding capacity (TIBC, Beckman Coulter AU480, India), transferrin saturation percentage (TSAT% = (serum iron/TIBC) × 100), left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF, 2D echocardiography, Nivan Healthcare Solutions, India) and ferritin (Abbott Architect Ferritin Assay, Delhi) are also important. Other blood tests like liver and renal function tests include an electrocardiogram (12-lead ECG) and two-dimensional echocardiography on admission and follow-up.
Results:
In our study, 66 patients in total received IV iron as a treatment option to improve the symptoms of CHF with IDA; the New York Heart Association (NYHA) classification showed significant improvement (p-value <0.001). Before the intervention, 57.58% of patients had NYHA class II and 42.4% of patients had NYHA class III. After treatment, 33.33% of patients showed NYHA class II and 19.70% of patients showed NYHA class III. After iron therapy treatment, out of 29 cases of NYHA class III, nine (31.03%) cases converted to NYHA class I, seven (24.14%) cases converted to NYHA class II, and 13 (44.83%) cases belonged to the same NYHA class. Out of 37 cases of NYHA class II, 22 (59.45%) cases converted to NYHA class I, and 15 (40.54%) cases belong to the same NYHA class.
Conclusion:
Thus, we come to the conclusion that the NYHA classification has exhibited notable enhancement subsequent to the administration of parenteral iron therapy. Sufficient evidence exists to substantiate the advantageous effects of intravenous iron therapy in the treatment of iron deficiency anemia. The administration of iron therapy has been observed to yield favorable outcomes in the mitigation of symptoms among individuals afflicted with cardiac insufficiency.
