Managing the Skin Microbiome as a New Bacteriotherapy for Inflammatory Atopic Dermatitis

The microbiome, comprising various bacteria, assumes a significant role in the immune system's maturation and maintaining bodily homeostasis. Alterations in the microbial composition can contribute to the initiation and progression of inflammation. Recent studies reveal that changes in microbial composition and function, known as dysbiosis in the skin and gut, have been associated with altered immunological responses and skin barrier disruption. These changes are implicated in the development of several skin diseases, such as atopic dermatitis (AD). This review examines research demonstrating the potential of microbiome repair as a therapeutic approach to reduce the effect of inflammatory processes in the skin during atopic dermatitis. This way, corticosteroids in atopic dermatitis therapy can be reduced or even replaced with treatments focusing on controlling the skin microbiome. This study used scientific literature from recognized platforms, including PubMed, Scopus, Google Scholar, and ScienceDirect, covering publications from 2013 to 2023. The primary aim of this study was to assess the efficacy of skin microbiome management in treating atopic dermatitis. This study concludes that physicians must comprehensively understand the microbiome's involvement in atopic dermatitis, including its pathophysiological implications and its relevance to therapeutic interventions.