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WHO air quality database: relevance, history and future developments.

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Health
  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • Air pollution is a major risk factor for noncommunicable diseases globally.
  • Air quality monitoring is insufficient in many low- and middle-income nations.
  • The World Health Organization (WHO) updated its air quality database in 2022, reflecting increased global attention to air pollution as a health priority.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To describe progress and challenges in global air quality data collection.
  • To highlight the importance of the WHO air quality database for public health.
  • To encourage multisectoral engagement for improved air quality monitoring.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized official data sources for air quality monitoring from human settlements worldwide.
  • Analyzed data from the WHO's 2022 updated air quality database status report.
  • Assessed data accessibility and consistency issues due to varying monitoring methods and government bodies.

Main Results:

  • The WHO database expanded significantly, now including 6743 settlements, a sixfold increase since 2011.
  • Over 90% of settlements in the database are from high- and middle-income countries.
  • Most countries exceed the WHO's 2021 air quality guidelines.

Conclusions:

  • Despite progress, air quality data collection remains uneven globally, with significant gaps in low- and middle-income countries.
  • The WHO air quality database is vital for raising awareness and quantifying the health burden of air pollution.
  • Policy actions to reduce air pollution are crucial for mitigating health impacts, even if they don't fully meet WHO guidelines.