Divided by borders, united by rabies: A call for integrated rabies control in India and Pakistan
Harendra Kumar1, Vagisha Sharma2, Bharat Kumar3
1Dow University of Health Sciences, Karachi, Pakistan.
New Microbes and New Infections
|November 29, 2023
Abstract:
•India and Pakistan share a common public health concern: rabies, which affects both humans and animals.•Both countries have established national rabies control initiatives, but these programs face challenges such as inadequate funding and limited access to healthcare in rural areas.•Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) are also working to control rabies in both India and Pakistan.•Cross-Border Cooperation Crucial in Rabies Fight: SAARC Initiatives Promoting Regional Prevention.•Crucial Steps: Raising Rabies Awareness and Accessible PEP in Both Countries.
Keywords:
BatsBordersCatsDogsEndemicFatalHealthcareIndiaInfected animalsNeighboring countriesPakistanPublic health concernRabiesRural areasSalivaVaccinesVirusMore Related Videos
Related Concept Videos
00:57Viral Recombination
Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.
01:26Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever
Rocky Mountain Spotted Fever (RMSF) is a severe tick-borne illness caused by Rickettsia rickettsii, a Gram-negative, coccobacillary bacterium. This pathogen is an obligate intracellular parasite, requiring a host cell for replication. Transmission occurs through the bite of an infected tick. In the United States, the most important vectors are Dermacentor variabilis (American dog tick) and Dermacentor andersoni (Rocky Mountain wood tick), though other tick species may also serve as vectors.
01:28Rabies
Rabies is a lethal zoonotic disease caused by a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus of the Lyssavirus genus, within the family Rhabdoviridae. Its primary mode of transmission to humans is through bites or saliva-contaminated scratches from infected mammals such as dogs, bats, raccoons, or foxes. Transmission can also occur if infectious saliva contacts abraded skin or intact mucous membranes, including the conjunctiva.Viral Entry and Early ReplicationOnce introduced at the bite or scratch...
01:25Arboviral Encephalitis
Arboviral encephalitis refers to brain inflammation caused by arthropod-borne viruses, particularly those transmitted through mosquito vectors. Among these, West Nile virus (WNV), a member of the Flaviviridae family, is a significant public health concern. WNV is an enveloped, positive-sense, single-stranded RNA virus. Human infection typically begins when an infected mosquito introduces the virus into the dermis during feeding. The primary transmission cycle involves birds as amplifying hosts...