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Alternative workflows for identifying transnational missing persons.

Molly A Kaplan1, Chloe P McDaneld1, Jessi Brown2

  • 1Forensic Anthropology Center, Department of Anthropology, Texas State University, San Marcos, TX, USA.

Forensic Science International. Synergy
|November 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Rapid DNA and accredited non-CODIS labs offer faster identification of unidentified migrant remains. These methods improve upon existing systems, aiding families in locating missing loved ones across borders.

Keywords:
DNA forensicsMissing persons investigationsRapid DNA

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic Science
  • Genetics
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Mass migration and migrant deaths at the U.S. southern border reveal systemic issues in transnational decedent identification.
  • Death investigations in Texas experience significant delays and face numerous barriers throughout the process.
  • Fragmented DNA databases hinder the comparison of genetic profiles from unidentified human remains (UHR) and missing persons' families.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To pilot alternative workflows for processing UHR and family reference samples (FRS) to identify probable migrant decedents.
  • To evaluate the effectiveness of Rapid DNA technology and accredited non-CODIS DNA laboratories in supporting identification efforts.

Main Methods:

  • Piloted alternative workflows using Rapid DNA and accredited non-CODIS DNA laboratories.
  • Conducted these approaches in parallel with existing medicolegal workflows under jurisdictional guidance.
  • Focused on processing UHR and FRS for identification of migrant decedents.

Main Results:

  • Rapid DNA technology was found to be a valid method for anthropology laboratories to support identification hypotheses.
  • Accredited non-CODIS forensic and genetic laboratories effectively supported families in identifying remains.
  • These alternative methods showed promise, particularly for families residing outside the United States.

Conclusions:

  • Alternative DNA processing workflows, including Rapid DNA and accredited non-CODIS labs, can significantly improve the identification of migrant decedents.
  • These approaches address the limitations of current systems, offering more efficient and accessible identification pathways.
  • Enhanced collaboration between forensic science, genetics, and medicolegal systems is crucial for effective transnational decedent identification.