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Robotic Sensing and Stimuli Provision for Guided Plant Growth
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Manipulating network connectance by altering plant attractiveness.

Laura Russo1, Jane C Stout2

  • 1Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, TN, USA.

Peerj
|November 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

This study shows that fertilizer application can increase plant-pollinator network connectance by boosting insect species richness. This suggests network structure can be managed for pollinator conservation and ecosystem services.

Keywords:
Agrochemical treatmentsConnectanceExperimental networksHerbicideNetwork controlPlant-pollinator networksfertilizer

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Conservation Biology
  • Ecosystem Services

Background:

  • Plant-pollinator mutualisms are vital for biodiversity and ecosystem functions like pollination.
  • Managing ecological network structure for pollinator conservation remains a challenge.
  • Network connectance, reflecting insect visitation patterns, is key to network stability and function.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally investigate the ability to manipulate plant-pollinator network connectance.
  • To assess if fertilizer and herbicide treatments can increase, decrease, or maintain network connectance.
  • To understand how changes in connectance impact pollinator communities and pollination services.

Main Methods:

  • A 2-year field experiment was conducted in urban Dublin, Ireland.
  • Four agrochemical treatments (fertilizer, herbicide, combined, control) were applied to fixed plant communities.
  • Standardized sampling collected ~1,908 flower-visiting insects from 92 species over 2 years.

Main Results:

  • Fertilizer treatment successfully increased network connectance.
  • Combined fertilizer and herbicide treatments maintained network connectance.
  • Herbicide treatment alone did not decrease network connectance.
  • Increased connectance was driven by higher insect species richness, not abundance, and a greater proportion of unique visitor species.

Conclusions:

  • Network connectance is a manipulable attribute of ecological networks.
  • Agrochemical applications can alter plant-pollinator network structure.
  • Findings have implications for managing mutualistic networks for conservation and maintaining pollination services.