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Polyarteritis nodosa presenting as cholecystitis-a case report
Osama A A Elhardello1, Mohammad N Athamnah1, Rajaguru Paramaguru2
1General Surgery, Al Salam Al Assima Hospital, Bneid AL Gar, Port Said street, 35151, Kuwait.
Journal of Surgical Case Reports
|November 29, 2023
Summary
Polyarteritis nodosa, a systemic vasculitis, can affect the gallbladder, mimicking acute cholecystitis. Early diagnosis considering prior systemic symptoms is crucial for appropriate management with steroids.
Area of Science:
- Vascular inflammation
- Gastrointestinal pathology
- Systemic autoimmune diseases
Background:
- Polyarteritis nodosa (PAN) is a systemic necrotizing vasculitis primarily affecting medium and small arteries.
- While lungs are typically spared, PAN can involve virtually any organ system.
- Isolated gallbladder involvement in PAN is rare, making diagnosis challenging.
Observation:
- This case report details a patient presenting with acute cholecystitis as the initial manifestation of systemic polyarteritis nodosa.
- The patient's presentation mimicked typical acute cholecystitis, complicating the diagnostic process.
Findings:
- The gallbladder was identified as the affected organ in this case of polyarteritis nodosa.
- The systemic nature of the disease was confirmed, despite the localized presentation.
Implications:
- The diagnosis of polyarteritis nodosa should be considered in patients with a history of systemic symptoms who subsequently develop acute cholecystitis.
- Management typically involves systemic corticosteroids, tailored to the organs involved.
- Recognizing this unusual presentation is key to timely and effective treatment of polyarteritis nodosa.
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