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Cytoskeleton abnormalities in human senile cataract.

J Tagliavini, S A Gandolfi, G Maraini

    Current Eye Research
    |December 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Cortical cataracts alter lens cytoskeleton composition, notably reducing fodrin and a 98 Kd protein. These changes are specific to cortical cataracts, unlike nuclear cataracts or transparent lenses.

    Area of Science:

    • Ophthalmology
    • Cell Biology
    • Biochemistry

    Background:

    • Senile cataracts are a leading cause of vision impairment.
    • Lens cytoskeletal proteins play crucial roles in maintaining lens transparency and structure.
    • Alterations in cytoskeletal composition are implicated in cataractogenesis.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To analyze the cytoskeletal protein patterns in the superficial layers of senile cataractous human lenses.
    • To compare the cytoskeletal composition of cortical cataracts with nuclear cataracts and age-matched transparent lenses.

    Main Methods:

    • Analysis of cytoskeletal patterns using Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis followed by Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate (PAGE-SDS).
    • Extraction of proteins from the water-insoluble fraction (WIF) using low ionic strength buffer.

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    Main Results:

    • Cortical cataracts exhibit significant modifications in cytoskeletal composition compared to nuclear cataracts and transparent lenses.
    • A notable decrease in fodrin and a marked reduction or absence of a 98 Kd band were observed in cortical cataracts.
    • Fodrin was extensively extracted from the WIF of cortical cataracts with low ionic strength buffer, unlike in transparent lenses.

    Conclusions:

    • The cytoskeletal composition of the lens cortex is significantly altered in cortical cataracts.
    • Fodrin and the 98 Kd band are key proteins affected in cortical cataract formation.
    • These findings highlight specific molecular changes in the lens cytoskeleton during the development of cortical cataracts.