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Autophagy Promotes Cell Death Induced by Hydrogen Peroxide in Physcomitrium patens.
Md Arif Sakil1,2, Kyosuke Mukae1,3, Junyu Bao1
1Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Saitama University, Saitama, 338-8570 Japan.
Plant & Cell Physiology
|November 29, 2023
Summary
Autophagy-defective mutants of Physcomitrium patens show enhanced survival against hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) stress. Autophagy promotes H2O2-induced cell death by supplying amino acids that generate reactive oxygen species (ROS).
Area of Science:
- Plant Biology
- Cellular Stress Response
- Autophagy Research
Background:
- Autophagy is a cellular recycling process.
- Desiccation stress can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS).
- Autophagy-defective mutants (atg5, atg7) in Physcomitrium patens display significant desiccation tolerance.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of autophagy in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)-induced cell death in Physcomitrium patens.
- To determine the relationship between autophagy, ROS production, and cell viability under H2O2 stress.
Main Methods:
- Treatment of wild-type (WT) and autophagy-defective (atg5, atg7) P. patens with H2O2.
- Measurement of intracellular H2O2 levels.
- Assessment of cell death and vacuole integrity.
- Use of ROS scavenger (N-acetylcysteine) and electron transport chain (ETC) uncoupler (carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone).
- Inhibition of autophagy (3-methyladenine) and supplementation with amino acid source (bovine serum albumin).
Main Results:
- Autophagy-defective mutants survived H2O2 treatment lethal to WT.
- WT cells exhibited higher intracellular H2O2 plateau levels and cell death compared to mutants.
- ROS scavengers and ETC uncouplers reduced H2O2 levels and cell death in WT.
- Autophagy inhibition decreased H2O2 plateau and cell death in WT.
- Supplementation with amino acids (via BSA) increased H2O2 plateau in mutants.
Conclusions:
- Autophagy actively promotes H2O2-induced cell death in P. patens.
- Autophagy-derived amino acids are catabolized via mitochondrial/chloroplast ETCs, generating ROS that leads to cell death.
- Vacuole collapse is a characteristic of H2O2-induced cell death mediated by autophagy.
Keywords:
Physcomitrium patens (Physcomitrella patens)Autophagic cell deathH2O2Oxidative stressVacuole collapseMore Related Videos
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