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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

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Quantum Plasmonics in Sub-Atom-Thick Optical Slots.

Jeremy J Baumberg1, Ruben Esteban2,3, Shu Hu1

  • 1Nanophotonics Centre, Cavendish Laboratory, University of Cambridge, Cambridge CB3 0HE, United Kingdom.

Nano Letters
|November 29, 2023
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers confined visible light into subatomic gaps between gold atomic layers. This extreme light trapping, explained by quantum mechanics, could enhance light-matter interactions in plasmonics and quantum optics.

Area of Science:

  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Optics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Plasmonic nanostructures enable light manipulation at the nanoscale.
  • Controlling light confinement within atomic-scale gaps is a significant challenge.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the possibility of confining visible light into subatomic gaps between atomic layers of coinage metals.
  • To understand the underlying physics governing this extreme light confinement.

Main Methods:

  • Time-dependent density functional theory (TDDFT) calculations.
  • Ab initio electronic structure calculations.
  • Analysis of classical electromagnetic models.

Main Results:

Keywords:
flarenanocavitynanoparticlephotoluminescenceplasmonicsquantum

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  • Visible light can be confined into slot waveguide modes in gaps >1.5 Å between gold atomic layers.
  • Optical field distributions achieve a thickness of 2 Å, less than an atomic diameter.
  • Classical electromagnetic models accurately reproduce subatomic slot mode dispersion due to quantum-well states.

    • Conclusions:

    • Extreme light trapping in subatomic gaps is achievable and explained by quantum phenomena.
    • This confinement may explain enhanced Raman scattering in plasmonic cavities.
    • Findings are relevant to photocatalysis, molecular electronics, plasmonics, and quantum optics.