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Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Understanding Dissolved Organic Matter Biogeochemistry Through In Situ Nutrient Manipulations in Stream Ecosystems
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What happens when salinization meets eutrophication? A test using stream microcosms.

Alvaro Javier Moyano Salcedo1, Narcís Prat2, Lluís Bertrans-Tubau3

  • 1FEHM-Lab (Freshwater Ecology, Hydrology and Management), Departament de Biologia Evolutiva, Ecologia i Ciències Ambientals, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de Barcelona, Barcelona, Spain; Geohazards and Civil Engineering Research Group, Department of Civil Engineering, Saint Thomas Villavicencio University, C/22 No 1a, 500003 Villavicencio, Colombia; Institute of Environmental Assessment and Water Research (IDAEA), CSIC, Carrer de Jordi Girona, 18-26, 08034 Barcelona, Spain.

The Science of the Total Environment
|November 29, 2023
PubMed
Summary

Nutrient and salt pollution harm river ecosystems. Adding nutrients can reduce salt

Keywords:
BiofilmFreshwater ecosystemsMacroinvertebratesMicrocosmsNutrient pollutionSalt pollution

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Area of Science:

  • Environmental Science
  • Ecotoxicology
  • Aquatic Ecology

Background:

  • Nutrient and salt pollution frequently co-occur in freshwater systems.
  • Understanding their combined effects is crucial for effective environmental management.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To experimentally assess the interactive effects of nutrient and salt pollution on stream microcosms.
  • To investigate the impacts on biofilm and macroinvertebrate communities.

Main Methods:

  • Microcosm experiment with six treatments: control, intermediate nutrient, high nutrient, salt, salt with intermediate nutrient, and salt with high nutrient.
  • 14-day exposure period.
  • Analysis of biofilm chlorophyll-a, community composition, macroinvertebrate richness and diversity, and indicator species.

Main Results:

  • Biofilm chlorophyll-a increased in all treatments, with a shift from diatoms/green algae to cyanobacteria.
  • Salt pollution significantly reduced macroinvertebrate richness and diversity.
  • Nutrient addition appeared to ameliorate salt toxicity.
  • Specific taxa (Orthocladius gr. Wetterensis, Virganytarsus) were associated with salinity.

Conclusions:

  • Co-occurring nutrient and salt pollution have complex interactive effects on freshwater ecosystems.
  • Nutrient addition may mitigate the negative impacts of salt pollution on macroinvertebrates.
  • Species-level assessments and integrated pollutant management are recommended.