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Chronic Pain, Hopelessness, and Suicide Risk Among Adult Medical Inpatients.

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Area of Science:

  • Medical research
  • Psychiatry
  • Public health

Background:

  • Medically ill adults have a higher risk of suicide.
  • Chronic pain and hopelessness are known risk factors for suicide.
  • Limited research exists on the combined impact of chronic pain and hopelessness on suicide risk in hospitalized patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between chronic pain, hopelessness, and suicide risk in adult medical inpatients.
  • To examine the potential interaction effect of chronic pain and hopelessness on suicide risk.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a multisite study validating the Ask Suicide-Screening Questions (ASQ).
  • Data collected on chronic pain, hopelessness, and pain severity.
  • Logistic regression models used to assess associations and interaction effects.

Main Results:

  • 15.7% of patients screened positive for suicide risk.
  • Half of the sample reported chronic pain, and 27.2% felt hopeless.
  • Both chronic pain (OR: 2.29) and hopelessness (OR: 5.69) were independently associated with increased suicide risk.
  • No significant interaction was found between chronic pain and hopelessness.

Conclusions:

  • Significant independent associations exist between chronic pain and suicide risk, and between hopelessness and suicide risk.
  • Further research is needed to understand the temporal relationship and underlying mechanisms.
  • Findings can inform suicide prevention strategies for medically ill adults.