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Relationship Between Mediterranean Diet, Cardiovascular Risk Factors, and Meningiomas: A Retrospective Study.

Roberta Costanzo1, Rosario Maugeri2, Irene Simonetta3

  • 1Neurosurgical Clinic, AOUP "Paolo Giaccone", Post Graduate Residency Program in Neurologic Surgery, Department of Biomedicine Neurosciences and Advanced Diagnostics, School of Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy; robertacostanzo3@gmail.com.

Anticancer Research
|November 29, 2023
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Summary

Non-adherence to the Mediterranean diet may be linked to meningiomas, a type of brain tumor. Lower Mediterranean Diet Scores were observed in patients with meningioma, suggesting a potential dietary link.

Keywords:
Mediterranean dietcardiovascular diseaselifestylemeningioma

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Area of Science:

  • Neuro-oncology
  • Nutritional Science
  • Epidemiology

Background:

  • The Mediterranean diet is recognized for its potential cancer-protective properties.
  • Research has explored its impact on common cancers but less on central nervous system (CNS) tumors, particularly benign meningiomas.
  • This study investigates the relationship between the Mediterranean diet and meningioma development.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the association between adherence to the Mediterranean diet and the occurrence of cranial meningiomas.
  • To assess the role of cardiovascular risk factors in relation to meningioma onset.
  • To explore a potential link between dietary patterns and brain tumor development.

Main Methods:

  • A retrospective, multicenter study.
  • Involved 52 patients who underwent meningioma resection and 100 healthy controls.
  • Assessed adherence to the Mediterranean diet using the Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS).

Main Results:

  • Patients with meningioma exhibited a significantly lower mean Mediterranean Diet Score (MDS).
  • No significant difference in the distribution of major cardiovascular risk factors was found between groups.
  • Preliminary evidence suggests a potential association between lower Mediterranean diet adherence and meningioma.

Conclusions:

  • Lower adherence to the Mediterranean diet may be associated with an increased risk of developing meningiomas.
  • Further research with larger cohorts is needed to confirm these findings.
  • The Mediterranean diet presents a novel area for exploring meningioma etiology.