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Remote collaboration fuses fewer breakthrough ideas.

Yiling Lin1, Carl Benedikt Frey2,3, Lingfei Wu4

  • 1School of Computing and Information, The University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.

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Remote collaboration hinders breakthrough discoveries. Distributed teams, despite increased global connectivity, are less innovative than co-located teams, especially in conceptualizing new ideas.

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Area of Science:

  • Innovation Studies
  • Sociology of Science
  • Network Science

Background:

  • Innovation theories highlight social networks and teams for breakthroughs.
  • Global scientific and inventor interconnectivity is at an all-time high.
  • Despite increased connectivity, finding novel ideas is becoming more difficult.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the impact of remote collaboration on scientific and inventor breakthroughs.
  • To analyze the division of labor in knowledge production within distributed teams.
  • To reconcile the paradox of increased connectivity and declining novelty.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of 20 million research articles and 4 million patent applications globally over 50 years.
  • Documentation of the rise of remote collaboration and its geographic distribution.
  • Creation of a dataset to examine knowledge production and task allocation in teams.

Main Results:

  • Remote collaboration has significantly increased globally.
  • Researchers in remote teams are less likely to achieve breakthrough discoveries compared to on-site teams.
  • Distributed teams collaborate more on late-stage, technical tasks (codified knowledge) but less on early-stage, conceptual tasks (tacit knowledge).

Conclusions:

  • Despite advances in digital technology, remote collaboration impedes the integration of diverse knowledge for disruptive innovation.
  • The nature of collaboration in remote teams favors codified knowledge over tacit knowledge, limiting novelty.
  • Geographic distribution in scientific and inventor teams may be a key factor in the observed decline in breakthrough discoveries.