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Related Concept Videos

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters01:20

Types of Step-Growth Polymers: Polyesters

The introduction of polyesters has brought major development to the textile industry. The wrinkle-free behavior of polyester blends has eliminated the need for starching and ironing clothes.
Polyesters are commonly prepared from terephthalic acid and ethylene glycol; the crude product is known as poly(ethylene terephthalate) or PET. However, polyesters are synthesized industrially by transesterification of dimethyl terephthalate with ethylene glycol at 150 °C. The two reactants and the polymer...

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Electrospun Poly(carbonate-urea-urethane)s Nonwovens with Shape-Memory Properties as a Potential Biomaterial.

Karolina Rolińska1,2, Hadi Bakhshi3, Maria Balk4

  • 1Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, Noakowskiego 3, 00-664 Warsaw, Poland.

ACS Biomaterials Science & Engineering
|November 30, 2023
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Poly(carbonate-urea-urethane) (PCUU) nonwoven mats were electrospun to mimic the extracellular matrix for tissue engineering. These scaffolds show promising mechanical properties, shape-memory effects, and biocompatibility for cell growth.

Keywords:
biomaterialelectrospinningpoly(carbonate-urea-urethane)sshape-memory effect

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Area of Science:

  • Biomaterials Science
  • Tissue Engineering
  • Polymer Chemistry

Background:

  • Poly(carbonate-urea-urethane) (PCUU) possesses properties suitable for tissue engineering scaffolds.
  • Mimicking the natural extracellular matrix (ECM) is crucial for effective tissue regeneration.
  • Electrospinning offers a method to create fibrous scaffolds resembling the ECM structure.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the electrospinning of PCUU into nonwoven mats for tissue engineering.
  • To characterize the physical, mechanical, and shape-memory properties of PCUU nonwovens.
  • To evaluate the biocompatibility and cellular response to PCUU scaffolds.

Main Methods:

  • Electrospinning of PCUU solutions to produce nonwoven fiber mats.
  • Characterization of fiber diameter, surface porosity, tensile strength, elongation at break, and Young's modulus.
  • Assessment of shape-memory effect (shape-recovery and shape-fixity ratios).
  • In vitro biological evaluation including cytotoxicity and cell attachment/growth assays with mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs).

Main Results:

  • PCUU nonwovens with fiber diameters from 0.28 to 0.82 μm and porosity of 50-60% were successfully fabricated.
  • Tunable mechanical properties were achieved, with tensile strengths ranging from 0.3-9.6 MPa, elongation at break from 90-290%, and Young's modulus from 5.7-26.7 MPa.
  • Nonwovens collected on a plate collector exhibited excellent shape-memory properties (Rr ~99%, Rf ~96%) and were found to be inert, stable, and non-cytotoxic.
  • MSCs and HUVECs demonstrated successful attachment, elongation, and growth on the PCUU scaffolds.

Conclusions:

  • Electrospun PCUU nonwoven mats closely mimic the fibrous architecture of the ECM.
  • PCUU scaffolds possess tunable mechanical properties and significant shape-memory effects, making them versatile for tissue engineering.
  • The demonstrated biocompatibility and ability to support cell growth confirm the suitability of PCUU nonwovens as scaffolds for regenerative medicine applications.