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Molecular Detection of Hemoplasma in animals in Tamil Nadu, India and Hemoplasma genome analysis

Ananda Chitra Murugesan1, Karthik Kumaragurubaran2, Kavin Gunasekaran3

  • 1Central University Laboratory, Centre for Animal Health Studies, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai, 600051, Tamil Nadu, India. anandachitra.m@tanuvas.ac.in.

Veterinary Research Communications
|November 30, 2023
PubMed

Insights

This study reports the first prevalence of hemoplasma infections in Indian livestock. PCR detected hemoplasma DNA in 43.04% of cattle, 65.22% of sheep, and 44.26% of goats, with genetic analysis identifying specific species.

Area of Science:

  • Veterinary Microbiology
  • Molecular Diagnostics
  • Bacterial Pathogenesis

Background:

  • Hemoplasma are erythrocyte-infecting bacteria causing anemia in mammals.
  • Understanding hemoplasma prevalence and genetics is crucial for livestock health.
  • Previous studies on Indian livestock hemoplasma are limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the prevalence of hemoplasma in cattle, sheep, and goats in Tamil Nadu, India.
  • To identify hemoplasma species using 16S rRNA gene sequencing.
  • To analyze the genomic features of detected hemoplasma strains.

Main Methods:

  • Blood samples from 316 cattle, 115 sheep, and 61 goats were collected across nine districts.
  • Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR) was used for hemoplasma DNA detection.
  • 16S rRNA gene sequencing was performed on positive samples for species identification.

Main Results:

  • Overall hemoplasma DNA prevalence was 43.04% in cattle, 65.22% in sheep, and 44.26% in goats.
  • Sequencing identified Mycoplasma wenyonii, 'Candidatus Mycoplasma haemobos', and Mycoplasma ovis.
  • Genomic analysis revealed abundant paralogous genes and limited specific functional genes like enolase.

Conclusions:

  • This is the first report of hemoplasma prevalence in Indian cattle, sheep, and goats.
  • The study highlights significant infection rates and identifies key hemoplasma species in the region.
  • Further research into hemoplasma genomics and host-pathogen interactions is warranted.
Keywords:
Genome analysisHemoplasmaIndiaLivestockPCR

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