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Acute pancreatitis associated with the antibiotic levofloxacin: A rare case report

Pugazhendi Inban1, Virali Gulla2, Aarfa Devani3

  • 1Department of General Medicine Government Medical College, Omandurar Chennai India.

Clinical Case Reports
|November 30, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Drug-induced acute pancreatitis is a significant diagnosis. Levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, can rarely cause acute pancreatitis, as seen in a recent case study.

Area of Science:

  • Pharmacology
  • Gastroenterology

Background:

  • Drug-induced acute pancreatitis is an underrecognized condition, ranking as the third leading cause after gallstones and alcohol.
  • Levofloxacin, a fluoroquinolone antibiotic, is commonly prescribed for bacterial infections.
  • While known for side effects like photosensitivity and liver toxicity, its potential to induce acute pancreatitis is rarely documented.

Observation:

  • A case report details a female patient presenting with classic acute pancreatitis symptoms.
  • The patient had recently commenced levofloxacin for a urinary tract infection.
  • Symptoms appeared within three days of initiating levofloxacin therapy.

Findings:

  • Diagnostic workup, including clinical presentation, laboratory tests, and imaging, excluded other common causes of pancreatitis.
  • The findings definitively linked levofloxacin as the causative agent for acute pancreatitis in this patient.
  • This case underscores the importance of considering drug-induced etiology in pancreatitis.

Implications:

  • Clinicians should maintain a high index of suspicion for drug-induced acute pancreatitis, particularly with fluoroquinolone use.
  • Prompt recognition and discontinuation of the offending drug are crucial for patient management.
  • Further research may elucidate the mechanisms and incidence of levofloxacin-induced pancreatitis.
Keywords:
abdominal ultrasonographycomputed tomographydrug‐induced acute pancreatitisfluoroquinolonelevofloxacinphotosensitivity

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