Male Urethritis in Primary Care: Real-World Evidence From a Portuguese Center

Introduction Early diagnosis and treatment of male urethritis are fundamental for preventing complications and further transmission. Primary healthcare services are the first point of contact for patients. This study aimed to assess the practice and compliance of Unidade Saúde Familiar Conde Lousã (USF CL) with best clinical practices. Materials and Methods A retrospective study was undertaken on male urethritis cases at USF CL from January 2018 to March 22, 2021, identified using the International Classification of Primary Care (ICPC) coding system. We established quality criteria encompassing treatment, diagnostics, and reporting. A "sufficiency index" was introduced as a performance metric, which was designed to offer a multiparametric assessment of adherence to these criteria. Results Of 77 cases, 60 were included, averaging 27 years of age. In all, 40.7% showed treatment adequacy, with a sufficiency index of 0.28 for epidemiological characterization and 0.52 for co-infection screening. Prevention measures indexed at 0.28, with 27.1% diagnostic notifications. Conclusion The study reveals gaps in managing male urethritis at USF CL, underscoring the need for standardized guidelines and better diagnostic tools in primary care. Based on these results, a new multicentric specialized sexually transmitted infections clinic was created within our unit in collaboration with a tertiary hospital [Centro Hospitalar Universitário Lisboa Central (CHULC), Lisbon, Portugal] and the national laboratory center [Instituto Nacional de Saúde Doutor Ricardo Jorge (INSA), Lisbon, Portugal].