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Related Experiment Videos

Bereitschaftspotential preceding speech after holding breath.

L Deecke, M Engel, W Lang

    Experimental Brain Research
    |January 1, 1986
    PubMed
    Summary

    Researchers studied brain activity before speaking in healthy adults. They found that the readiness potential (BP) is a bilateral brain event that later becomes left-hemisphere dominant, indicating motor preparation for speech.

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    Area of Science:

    • Neuroscience
    • Speech Motor Control
    • Cognitive Electrophysiology

    Background:

    • Understanding the neural underpinnings of voluntary speech production is crucial.
    • The readiness potential (BP) is a well-known electrophysiological marker of motor preparation.
    • Previous research on BP lateralization in speech has yielded mixed results.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To investigate the spatiotemporal characteristics of the Bereitschaftspotential (BP) preceding voluntary speech.
    • To determine the hemispheric involvement during the motor preparation phase for speech.
    • To clarify the role of each hemisphere in the final motor execution of speech.

    Main Methods:

    • Recorded cerebral potentials in 36 healthy, right-handed subjects using electroencephalography (EEG).
    • Subjects voluntarily initiated speech after a period of breath-holding to minimize respiratory artifacts.
    • Analyzed the onset and lateralization of the BP relative to speech onset.

    Main Results:

    • The BP began approximately 2 seconds prior to speech onset and was present bilaterally.
    • A significant left-hemisphere lateralization of the BP was observed in the final 100-200 ms before speech.
    • The bilateral nature of the early BP suggests early involvement of both hemispheres in speech preparation.

    Conclusions:

    • Speech motor preparation involves an initial bilateral neural activity.
    • A late, left-hemisphere dominant BP indicates the final motor control mechanisms for speech production.
    • These findings support a model of early bihemispheric preparation followed by left-hemisphere specialization for speech execution.

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