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Developmental delay and its demographic and social predictors among preschool-age children in Palestine

Omar H Almahmoud1, Lubna Abushaikha2

  • 1Nursing Department, Pharmacy, Nursing and Health Professions College, Birzeit University, Birzeit, Palestine.

Journal of Pediatric Nursing
|November 30, 2023
PubMed

Insights

A significant number of Palestinian preschoolers experience developmental delays (DD), particularly in motor and social skills. Factors like male gender, maternal employment, low income, and larger family size are linked to increased risk of global developmental delay (GDD).

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Health
  • Developmental Psychology
  • Public Health

Background:

  • Developmental delay (DD) is a significant concern in early childhood, impacting long-term health and educational outcomes.
  • Early identification and intervention are crucial for mitigating the effects of DD.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess developmental outcomes in preschool-aged children in Palestine.
  • To identify factors associated with developmental delay in this population.

Main Methods:

  • A cross-sectional, descriptive-correlational study was conducted with 249 preschoolers in Ramallah governorate.
  • Data were collected using the Ages and Stages Questionnaire, Arabic version-3.
  • Statistical analysis, including binary logistic regression, was performed to identify predictors of DD.

Main Results:

  • The overall prevalence of Global Developmental Delay (GDD) was 23.7%.
  • The most common delays were observed in gross motor (25.3%), personal social (17.7%), and fine motor skills (16.5%).
  • Significant predictors of GDD included male gender, mother's part-time work, low family income, and families with three or more children.

Conclusions:

  • Preschoolers in Palestine exhibit a higher rate of DD compared to regional averages, with notable prevalence in motor and social skills.
  • Child, maternal, and family characteristics are associated with an increased cumulative risk of DD.
  • Pediatric nurses play a vital role in early detection through screening programs to reduce the long-term burden of DD.
Abstract

Keywords:
Developmental delayPalestinePreschoolersPrevalenceRisk factors

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