[Development of Novel Gene-Modified T-Cell Therapies(CAR-T, TCR-T)]

In the 2000s, development of chimeric antigen receptor(CAR)gene transferred(modified)T-cell therapy(CAR-T)and cancer antigen-specific T-cell receptor gene transferred(modified)T-cell therapy(TCR-T)has been actively pursued. Since 2017, several CD19-CAR-T cell therapies have been approved for some CD19-positive B-cell lymphomas/leukemias, as well as CAR-T therapies targeting B-cell maturation antigen(BCMA)for multiple myeloma. However, CAR-T cell therapies are also being developed for solid tumors, but none are approved at this time. In addition, CAR-T cell therapies that recognize complexes of MHC and cancer antigen-derived peptides have recently been developed. This article reviews the development status and future challenges of gene-modified T-cell therapy for solid tumors.