[A Recurrent Colon Cancer Successfully Treated by Nivolumab plus Ipilimumab with On and Off for Preventing...

Here, we report a case in which nivolumab plus ipilimumab combination therapy was significantly effective for MSI-high recurrent colon cancer with acute exacerbation after 5-FU/L-OHP/CPT-11 treatment. At the end of 4 cycles of combination therapy, clinical CR was obtained on diagnostic imaging. At the end of the 2 cycles of transition from combination therapy to monotherapy, eosinophilia was observed in a quadratic function, and exacerbation of skin disorders was observed. Eosinophil counts normalized promptly after discontinuation of treatment, and skin disorders gradually improved. Two months after the discontinuation of treatment, monotherapy was restarted. After the resumption of treatment, an increase in eosinophils and worsening of skin symptoms were observed again, and stopped treatment. We report an interesting case in which immune checkpoint inhibiter were turned on and off according to eosinophil counts for preventing exacerbation of skin disorders, and for maintaining cancer remission by continuing immune checkpoint inhibitor treatment.