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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Immunotherapy01:27

Tumor Immunotherapy

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Immunotherapy is a treatment that boosts or manipulates the immune system to fight diseases, including cancer. For instance, by stimulating an immune response through vaccinations against viruses that cause cancers, like hepatitis B virus and human papillomavirus, these diseases can be prevented. Nonetheless, some cancer cells can avoid the immune system due to their rapid mutation and division. The immune response to many cancers involves three phases: elimination, equilibrium, and escape.
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T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection01:22

T Cell Activation and Clonal Selection

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T cells are integral to our adaptive immune system, recognizing and effectively responding to foreign antigens. T cell activation and clonal selection are pivotal in orchestrating this immune response. This article elucidates these mechanisms, detailing the roles of cluster of differentiation (CD) markers, major histocompatibility complex (MHC) molecules, costimulatory signals, and the process of clonal selection.
Naive T cells that have not yet encountered an antigen express two primary CD...
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Targeted Cancer Therapies02:57

Targeted Cancer Therapies

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The targeted cancer therapies, also known as “molecular targeted therapies,” take advantage of the molecular and genetic differences between the cancer cells and the normal cells. It needs a thorough understanding of the cancer cells to develop drugs that can target specific molecular aspects that drive the growth, progression, and spread of cancer cells without affecting the growth and survival of other normal cells in the body.
There are several types of targeted therapies against...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Non-Viral Engineering of Primary Human T Cells via Homology-Mediated End-Joining Targeted Integration of Large DNA Templates
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Neoantigen-targeted TCR-engineered T cell immunotherapy: current advances and challenges.

Zhi Pang1,2, Man-Man Lu3, Yu Zhang3

  • 1Liver Cancer Institute, Key Laboratory of Carcinogenesis and Cancer Invasion, Ministry of Education, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200032, China.

Biomarker Research
|December 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

T-cell receptor-engineered T cell (TCR-T) therapy shows promise for cancer but faces challenges in solid tumors. Advances in neoantigen screening and addressing the tumor microenvironment are key for personalized TCR-T therapies.

Keywords:
NeoantigenNeoantigen-reactive TCRsTCR-T

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A Nonviral Approach to Generate Transient Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cells Using mRNA for Cancer Immunotherapy
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In Vitro Tumor Cell Rechallenge For Predictive Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Antitumor Function
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In Vitro Tumor Cell Rechallenge For Predictive Evaluation of Chimeric Antigen Receptor T Cell Antitumor Function
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Area of Science:

  • Immunology and Cancer Therapy
  • Cellular and Molecular Oncology

Background:

  • Adoptive cell therapy utilizing T cell receptor-engineered T cells (TCR-T) is a developing cancer treatment strategy.
  • TCR-T therapy aims to leverage the natural T cell receptor (TCR) diversity to target tumor-specific antigens.
  • Current clinical outcomes for TCR-T therapies, particularly in solid tumors, remain suboptimal, indicating significant challenges.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review TCR structure-based antigen recognition and signaling mechanisms.
  • To describe recent advancements in neoantigen identification and specific TCR screening technologies.
  • To summarize ongoing clinical trials and discuss challenges and future directions for personalized TCR-T therapy.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on TCR structure, antigen recognition, and signaling pathways.
  • Analysis of recent technological advancements in neoantigen discovery and TCR screening.
  • Compilation and summary of data from ongoing clinical trials involving TCR-T therapies against neoantigens.

Main Results:

  • TCR-T therapy faces hurdles in efficiently screening tumor-specific antigens and their corresponding TCRs.
  • Key challenges include viral vector safety, TCR mismatch, and the immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment.
  • Progress has been made in understanding TCR-antigen interactions and developing screening technologies.

Conclusions:

  • Personalized TCR-T therapy holds significant potential for cancer treatment.
  • Overcoming challenges related to antigen discovery, TCR specificity, and the tumor microenvironment is crucial for therapeutic success.
  • Future research should focus on innovative strategies to enhance the efficacy and safety of TCR-T cell-based immunotherapies.