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Work-energy Theorem

Work-energy Theorem

According to Newton’s second law of motion, the sum of all the forces acting on a particle (net force) determines the rate of change in the momentum of the particle (motion). Therefore, we should consider the work done by all forces acting on a particle, or the net work, to see its effect on the particle’s motion.
The work-energy theorem equates work done by all the forces on an object to the change in its kinetic energy. The theorem can be used to calculate work done by a force...

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

Principle of Virtual Work: Problem Solving

The principle of virtual work is an essential concept in the field of mechanics and engineering. This is used to solve problems related to the equilibrium of a structure or system. It is based on the assumption that if a system is in equilibrium, the work done by all the forces during a virtual displacement is zero. This principle is applied by considering virtual displacements of the system and the corresponding work done by internal and external forces.
To apply the principle of virtual work,...

Work Done on a System by External Force

Work Done on a System by External Force

The work done by an external force on a particle changes its kinetic energy. However, internal forces must also be considered for a system of interacting particles. The potential energy formulation helps formulate the effect of internal forces. The net work done by an external force can be written in terms of the total change of mechanical energy, which includes both kinetic and potential energies.
In the presence of a non-conservative opposing force, like friction, some part of the work done...

Work and Energy for Variable Forces

Work and Energy for Variable Forces

When an object is acted upon by a variable force, the amount of work done and the change in energy of the object can be more complex to calculate compared to when a constant force is applied. Work is the product of force and displacement, while energy is the capacity of a system to do work. When a constant force is applied to an object, the work done can be calculated as the product of the force and the distance moved in the direction of the force. However, when a variable force is applied, the...

Quantifying Work

Quantifying Work

As a system undergoes a change, its internal energy can change, and energy can be transferred from the system to the surroundings, or from the surroundings to the system.

Work

Work

Work is a fundamental concept of mechanical engineering and has many applications. Understanding how work is calculated and the different types of work can help us better understand physical processes and provide insights into complex problems.
Work is defined as the result of a force acting on an object, causing it to move along the line of action of force. It is also defined as the process of transferring energy through the application of force on an object, resulting in its displacement.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Ole Isacson: Development of New Therapies for Parkinson's Disease

Ole Isacson: Development of New Therapies for Parkinson's Disease

Published on: April 29, 2007

Science and/as work: An introduction to this special issue.

Lissa Roberts¹, Seth Rockman², Alexandra Hui³

¹University of Twente, Netherlands.

History of Science

|December 1, 2023

Summary

This special issue explores the intersection of science and work, examining science as a profession and the nature of scientific labor. It highlights diverse contributions analyzing the evolving landscape of scientific careers and practices.

Keywords:

historiography history of science labor history science and labor science and political economy

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Area of Science:

Sociology of Science
Science and Technology Studies (STS)
Labor Economics

Background:

Introduces a special issue focusing on the dual themes of 'science and work' and 'science as work.'
Provides a concise overview of the key concepts and scope of the special issue.

Discussion:

Examines the multifaceted nature of scientific endeavors as a form of labor.
Analyzes the societal and economic implications of scientific work and careers.

Key Insights:

Highlights the distinct yet interconnected perspectives on science as both a societal activity and a professional practice.
Underscores the importance of understanding the labor dynamics within the scientific enterprise.

Outlook:

Sets the stage for a deeper exploration of the evolving relationship between science, scientists, and the world of work.
Previews the diverse range of research presented in the subsequent articles.