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Cardiovascular disease risk perceptions and influencing factors among Chinese systemic lupus erythematosus patients
Yuge Zhang1, Juan Yu1, Wenjing Zhao1
1Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, The First Affiliated Hospital of USTC, Division of Life Sciences and Medicine, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Insights
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients have altered cardiovascular disease risk perception influenced by health literacy, depression, social support, and resilience. Healthcare providers should assess and communicate risks effectively to improve patient outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Rheumatology
- Cardiology
- Public Health
Background:
- Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) patients face elevated cardiovascular disease (CVD) risks compared to the general population.
- Understanding CVD risk perception is crucial for managing health outcomes in SLE patients.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk perception among Chinese patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE).
- To identify factors influencing CVD risk perception in this patient group.
Main Methods:
- A cross-sectional study involving 201 SLE patients from November 2022 to March 2023.
- Utilized validated questionnaires assessing attitudes towards CVD risk, social support, resilience, self-efficacy, anxiety, depression, and health literacy.
- Collected sociodemographic and disease-related data.
Main Results:
- Mean CVD risk perception score was 57.18 ± 13.02.
- Risk perception positively correlated with health literacy and depression.
- Risk perception negatively correlated with social support and psychological resilience.
Conclusions:
- Key factors influencing CVD risk perception in Chinese SLE patients include BMI, family history, health literacy, depression, social support, and psychological resilience.
- Healthcare professionals should accurately assess CVD risk perception, identify influencing factors, and employ effective communication strategies to enhance patient awareness and coping mechanisms.
Background:
Systemic Lupus Erythematosus patients (SLE) are at a higher risk of cardiovascular events than the general population. This study aimed to investigate the risk perception of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and to analyze its influence factors among Chinese SLE patients.
Methods:
This was a cross-sectional study. Convenience sampling was used to select 201 patients with SLE who had attended the outpatient and inpatient departments of the Department of Rheumatology and Immunology at the First Affiliated Hospital of the University of Science and Technology of China from November 2022 to March 2023. The following were used in the study: the Chinese version of the Attitudes and Beliefs about Cardiovascular Disease Risk Questionnaire, the Social Support Rating Scale, the Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale, the General Self-Efficacy Scale, the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale, the Health Literacy Management Scale, and sociodemographic and disease-related data.
Results:
The mean (standard deviation) risk perception score of CVD patients with SLE was 57.18 ± 13.02. A Pearson correlation analysis showed that CVD risk perceptions were positively correlated with health literacy (r = 0.152, p < .05) and depression (r = 0.277, p < .05), and negatively correlated with social support (r = -0.393, p < .05) and psychological resilience (r = -0.374, p < .05). A multiple linear regression analysis showed that body mass index (BMI), family history, health literacy, depression, social support, and psychological resilience were the main factors influencing CVD risk perceptions among Chinese SLE patients (p < .05).
Conclusions:
Body mass index, family history, health literacy, depression, social support, and psychological resilience influenced CVD risk perceptions among Chinese SLE patients. Healthcare workers should objectively and accurately assess the levels of CVD risk perception among SLE patients, identify the risk factors of CVD, adopt effective health risk communication strategies to help patients develop appropriate risk perceptions, and raise risk awareness to adopt active coping approaches to reduce risk.
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