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Related Experiment Videos

Nishimori's Cat: Stable Long-Range Entanglement from Finite-Depth Unitaries and Weak Measurements.

Guo-Yi Zhu1, Nathanan Tantivasadakarn2,3, Ashvin Vishwanath3

  • 1Institute for Theoretical Physics, University of Cologne, Zülpicher Straße 77, 50937 Cologne, Germany.

Physical Review Letters
|December 1, 2023
PubMed
Summary

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This summary is machine-generated.

Long-range entanglement in quantum circuits is stable against weak measurements, leading to new quantum critical states. This research demonstrates stability in 2D and 3D systems, with potential quantum computing applications.

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Condensed Matter Physics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Monitored quantum circuits are crucial for exploring novel quantum phases.
  • Stability of long-range entangled states under gate imperfections and measurement types is an open question.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the stability of long-range entangled states in finite-time protocols under weak measurements.
  • To explore novel quantum criticality arising from persistent entanglement.

Main Methods:

  • Deterministic quantum circuits with weak measurements.
  • Analysis of the Nishimori line of the random-bond Ising model.
  • Hybrid tensor network and Monte Carlo simulations.

Main Results:

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  • Long-range entanglement persists in the presence of weak measurements for specific states (2D GHZ cat, 3D toric code).
  • Novel quantum criticality emerges from this persistent entanglement.
  • Stability of glassy long-range entangled states in 2D and 3D is rigorously established.
  • A non-zero Edwards-Anderson order parameter indicates long-range entanglement in 2D.

Conclusions:

  • Finite-time protocols can generate robust long-range entangled states stable to weak measurements.
  • The proposed protocol is implementable on current quantum computing hardware (e.g., IBM's transmon chips).
  • This work opens avenues for studying new quantum phases and critical phenomena.