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Short peptidoglycan recognition protein 5 modulates immune response to bacteria in Indian major carp,
Zahoor Mushtaq1, Pani Prasad Kurcheti1, K Jeena1
1ICAR-Central Institute of Fisheries Education, Mumbai, 400061, India.
Abstract:
Peptidoglycan recognition proteins (PGRPs) function in host antibacterial responses by recognizing bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN). In the present study, a short pgrp5 (named mpgrp5) was identified in Cirrhinus mrigala (mrigal). The full-length cDNA of the mpgrp5 gene was 1255 bp, containing an open reading frame of 746 bp encoding a protein of 248 amino acids. The predicted protein contained the typical Pgrp/amidase domain, conserved Zn2+, and PGN binding residues. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that the mpgrp5 is closely related to Pgrps reported in Labeo rohita, Cyrinus carpio, and Ctenopharyngodon idella. The ontogenetic expression of mpgrp5 was highest at 7 days post-hatching (dph) and its possible maternal transfer. mpgrp5 was constitutively expressed in all tissues examined, with the highest expression observed in the intestine. Furthermore, mpgrp5 was found upregulated in mrigal post-challenge in a time-dependent manner at 6hpi in the liver (3.16 folds, p < 0.05) and kidney (2.79 folds, p < 0.05) and at 12hpi in gill (1.90 folds, p < 0.01), skin (1.93 folds, p < 0.01), and intestine, (2.71 folds, p < 0.05) whereas at 24hpi in spleen (4.0 folds, p < 0.01). Our results suggest that mpgrp5 may play an important role in antibacterial immune response from early life stages in mrigal.
Insights
A novel Peptidoglycan Recognition Protein 5 (PGRP5) gene, mpgrp5, was identified in mrigal fish. This gene plays a crucial role in the fish
Area of Science:
- Aquatic immunology
- Fish molecular biology
- Innate immunity
Background:
- Peptidoglycan Recognition Proteins (PGRPs) are key components of the innate immune system, recognizing bacterial peptidoglycan (PGN).
- Understanding PGRP function in fish is vital for aquaculture health and disease management.
Purpose of the Study:
- To identify and characterize a novel PGRP5 gene (mpgrp5) in the mrigal fish (Cirrhinus mrigala).
- To investigate the expression patterns of mpgrp5 during early development and in response to bacterial challenge.
Main Methods:
- cDNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis to characterize the mpgrp5 gene and protein.
- Quantitative PCR (qPCR) to analyze ontogenetic and tissue-specific expression.
- Gene expression analysis post-bacterial challenge.
Main Results:
- A full-length mpgrp5 cDNA of 1255 bp was identified, encoding a 248-amino acid protein with conserved PGRP/amidase domains.
- Phylogenetic analysis showed mpgrp5 is closely related to PGRPs in other cyprinid fish.
- mpgrp5 exhibited highest expression at 7 days post-hatching, constitutive expression in most tissues (highest in intestine), and significant upregulation following bacterial challenge in liver, kidney, gills, skin, and spleen.
Conclusions:
- The identified mpgrp5 gene possesses characteristic features of functional PGRPs.
- mpgrp5 is likely involved in the antibacterial immune response of mrigal fish from early developmental stages.
- The findings contribute to understanding fish innate immunity and potential disease resistance mechanisms.
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