ACC1-mediated fatty acid biosynthesis intrinsically controls thymic iNKT cell development
Toshio Kanno1, Keisuke Miyako1,2, Takeru Endo1
1Department of Frontier Research and Development, Laboratory of Medical Omics Research, Kazusa DNA Research Institute, 2-6-7 Kazusa Kamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan.
International Immunology
|December 2, 2023
Summary
Acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) is crucial for invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell development in the thymus. ACC1 controls iNKT cell survival, impacting their maturation and subset differentiation.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Metabolic pathways
- Cellular development
Background:
- T cells alter metabolism for activation, proliferation, and survival.
- The metabolic pathways governing invariant natural killer T (iNKT) cell development are largely unknown.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the role of acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) in iNKT cell development.
- To elucidate the specific contribution of ACC1 to thymic iNKT cell maturation and subset differentiation.
Main Methods:
- Generated mice with T-cell specific ACC1 deficiency.
- Utilized mixed bone marrow (BM) chimera experiments.
- Performed single-cell RNA-sequencing (scRNA-seq) and functional analyses.
Main Results:
- T-cell specific ACC1 deficiency led to fewer iNKT cells, with more immature cells.
- ACC1 is intrinsically required for thymic iNKT cell development, particularly NKT1 subset differentiation.
- ACC1 is essential for the survival of developing iNKT cells.
Conclusions:
- ACC1 plays a critical role in thymic iNKT cell development.
- ACC1 regulates iNKT cell survival and differentiation via fatty acid biosynthesis.
- This study identifies a novel metabolic regulator of iNKT cell development.
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