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Pedestrian crash causation analysis and active safety system calibration
Caiyang Ye1, Xuesong Wang1, Andrew Morris2
1School of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, China; The Key Laboratory of Road and Traffic Engineering, Ministry of Education, Shanghai, 201804, China.
Accident; Analysis and Prevention
|December 2, 2023
Summary
Pedestrian safety is improved by a new system that uses sensors and an autonomous emergency braking (AEB) algorithm. This system, based on crash data analysis, significantly reduces vehicle-pedestrian collisions.
Area of Science:
- Road Safety Engineering
- Vehicle Dynamics and Control
- Human Factors in Transportation
Background:
- Pedestrian safety remains a critical global issue, with over 20% of crash fatalities involving pedestrians.
- Existing pedestrian protection systems and crash causation analyses require further development and reliable testing.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze pedestrian crash causation patterns using in-depth accident data.
- To design and test an active safety system, specifically an autonomous emergency braking (AEB) system, to mitigate pedestrian collisions.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 398 pedestrian crashes from the China In-depth Accident Study (CIDAS) to identify common scenarios.
- Application of the Driving Reliability and Error Analysis Method (DREAM) to determine high-risk causation patterns.
- Development and simulation-based testing of a pedestrian protection system with a three-stage AEB algorithm in MATLAB Simulink.
Main Results:
- Identified key contributing factors: extreme environmental light disturbance, driver's internal distraction, and failure to yield to pedestrians.
- The proposed pedestrian protection system demonstrated a reduction in pedestrian crashes by over 90% in simulations.
- Optimized parameters for the three-stage AEB system were determined, with specific deceleration values (0.2 g, 0.3 g, 0.6 g).
Conclusions:
- An active safety system, informed by detailed causation analysis, can significantly enhance vehicle-pedestrian safety.
- The calibrated AEB algorithm provides a robust solution for collision avoidance.
- This research offers valuable insights for the future development of advanced pedestrian protection systems.
