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The correlation between small papillary thyroid cancers and gamma radionuclides Cs-137, Th-232, U-238 and K-40 using
Haytham Bayadsi1, Paul Van Den Brink2, Mårten Erlandsson3
1Department of Surgical and Perioperative Sciences/Surgery, Umeå University, Sweden.
Small papillary thyroid cancers (sPTCs) show a global increase, with ionizing radiation as a risk factor. This study found inconsistent associations between sPTC prevalence and gamma radiation levels in Sweden, suggesting environmental factors play a role.
Area of Science:
- Environmental Science
- Oncology
- Radiological Health
Background:
- Global rise in small papillary thyroid cancers (sPTCs) noted.
- Ionizing radiation identified as a significant risk factor for papillary thyroid cancer (PTC).
Purpose of the Study:
- Investigate the spatial distribution of sPTC in Sweden.
- Correlate sPTC prevalence with environmental gamma radiation levels (Cs-137, Th-232, U-238, K-40).
Main Methods:
- Utilized multiple geospatial and geostatistical methodologies.
- Analyzed spatial patterns of sPTC.
- Assessed correlation with specific gamma radiation isotopes.
Main Results:
- Metastatic sPTC prevalence linked to higher gamma radiation from Th-232, U-238, and K-40.
- Association between sPTC and radiation levels was inconsistent.
- Higher sPTC prevalence observed in densely populated areas.
Conclusions:
- sPTC causative factors are unevenly distributed geographically and demographically.
- Environmental factors are implicated in the pathogenesis of sPTC.
- Further research with larger cohorts is warranted to clarify causative links.
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