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Related Concept Videos

Development of Blood Vessels01:07

Development of Blood Vessels

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The development of the vascular system in a fetus is a complex and intricate process that begins as early as 15 to 16 days post-conception. This process starts outside the embryo, specifically in the mesoderm of the yolk sac, chorion, and connecting stalk. Approximately two days later, the formation of blood vessels occurs within the embryo itself.
The initial formation of this system is facilitated by the small amount of yolk present in the ovum and yolk sac. Blood vessels originate from...
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The ability of a drug to produce structural deformations and functional abnormalities in the developing embryo or the fetus is called teratogenicity, and the drug producing this effect is known as a teratogen. Teratogenic effects include stillbirth, miscarriage, intrauterine growth restriction, and neurocognitive delay. A teratogen may affect the embryo at different stages of development, which is important in determining the type and extent of the damage. During blastocyst formation, the early...
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Mechanism of Angiogenesis01:10

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Blood vessel formation starts early during embryonic development, around day 7. In the extraembryonic yolk sac, mesodermal precursor cells called hemangioblast proliferate and differentiate into angioblast. Angioblasts express vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 or VEGFR2, which binds VEGF-A, a proangiogenic factor, guiding blood vessel formation. VEGF signaling promotes angioblasts to form a blood island in the developing embryo. Angioblasts further differentiate, giving rise to...
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Neurulation01:30

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Neurulation is the embryological process which forms the precursors of the central nervous system and occurs after gastrulation has established the three primary cell layers of the embryo: ectoderm, mesoderm, and endoderm. In humans, the majority of this system is formed via primary neurulation, in which the central portion of the ectoderm—originally appearing as a flat sheet of cells—folds upwards and inwards, sealing off to form a hollow neural tube. As development proceeds, the...
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Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply01:24

Regulation of Angiogenesis and Blood Supply

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Rapidly dividing tumors, embryos, and wounded tissues require more oxygen than usual, lowering the oxygen concentration in the blood. At low oxygen or hypoxic conditions, an oxygen-sensitive transcription factor called the hypoxia-inducible factor 1 or HIF1 is activated. HIF1 is a dimeric protein of alpha (ɑ) and beta (β) subunits.  Under optimal oxygen conditions, HIF1β is present in the nucleus while HIF1ɑ remains in the cytosol. HIF1ɑ is hydroxylated by prolyl...
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Updated: Jul 9, 2025

A Patient-Derived Xenograft Model for Venous Malformation
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Multiple vascular malformations in a newborn.

P Krcho1, J Derco1, M Juhas2

  • 1Department of Pediatrics (Neonatology), Pavol Jozef Šafárik University, Košice, Slovak Republic.

Journal of Neonatal-Perinatal Medicine
|December 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Congenital testicular torsion is a rare emergency in newborns. This case highlights the importance of a thorough evaluation for associated malformations in affected infants.

Keywords:
Newbornarterial tortuosity syndromeductus arteriosus aneurysmtesticular tersion

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Surgery
  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Urology

Background:

  • Congenital testicular torsion is a rare but critical neonatal surgical emergency.
  • Early diagnosis and intervention are crucial to preserve testicular viability.

Observation:

  • A term newborn presented with clinical signs of testicular torsion within the first 10 hours of life.
  • During the diagnostic workup, other congenital anomalies were identified.

Findings:

  • The case demonstrates the presentation of neonatal congenital testicular torsion.
  • Associated malformations were noted during the evaluation, suggesting potential syndromic associations or complex presentations.

Implications:

  • This case underscores the need for comprehensive assessment in neonates with testicular torsion.
  • Understanding associated anomalies can guide further management and genetic counseling.
  • Highlights the diagnostic and therapeutic challenges in managing neonatal testicular emergencies.