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Related Concept Videos

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder01:27

Post-traumatic Stress Disorder

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Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a psychiatric condition that arises following exposure to traumatic events such as natural disasters, forced displacement, or severe accidents. It significantly impairs individuals' ability to cope with daily activities and disrupts their emotional and psychological equilibrium.
Symptoms and Behavioral Manifestations
A spectrum of distressing symptoms characterizes PTSD. Recurrent flashbacks, where individuals involuntarily relive traumatic events,...
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

A Pediatric Concussion Model in Mice: Closed Head Injury with Long-Term Disorders (CHILD)
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Post-traumatic headache pathophysiology in paediatric concussion: A systematic review.

Feiven Fan1, Vicki Anderson2, Thilanka Morawakage3

  • 1Murdoch Children's Research Institute, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Melbourne School of Psychological Sciences, University of Melbourne, Victoria, Australia.

Neuroscience and Biobehavioral Reviews
|December 3, 2023
PubMed
Summary

The causes of post-traumatic headache (PTH) after concussion in children are not well understood. Current research quality is low, highlighting the need for better studies on pediatric concussion headache mechanisms.

Keywords:
ConcussionMild traumatic brain injuryPaediatricPersisting post-concussive symptomsPosttraumatic headache

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Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Neurology
  • Neuroscience
  • Concussion Research

Background:

  • Post-traumatic headache (PTH) is the most frequent symptom following pediatric concussion.
  • The underlying pathophysiology of PTH in children remains largely unknown.
  • Understanding PTH mechanisms is critical for effective management and treatment.

Approach:

  • A systematic review of 19 studies involving 1214 pediatric concussion participants was conducted.
  • The review examined evidence on PTH pathophysiology, including cerebrovascular function, white matter integrity, functional connectivity, electrophysiology, neurometabolics, biological markers, and vestibular/oculomotor function.
  • Study quality and risk of bias were assessed according to PRISMA guidelines.

Key Points:

  • The majority of included studies (90%) were rated as fair quality, with 84% providing Level 3 evidence.
  • Evidence regarding specific pathophysiological mechanisms of PTH in pediatric concussion is scarce and lacks specificity.
  • Current research is insufficient to elucidate the true underlying mechanisms of PTH.

Conclusions:

  • The pathophysiology of post-traumatic headache following pediatric concussion remains unclear.
  • The overall quality of evidence is weak, characterized by fair risk of bias.
  • Future research must rigorously isolate PTH-specific pathophysiology using standardized definitions and measurement tools.