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Machine Learning Applications in Spine Surgery.

Themistoklis Tragaris1, Ioannis S Benetos2, John Vlamis2

  • 11st Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens School of Medicine, KAT Hospital, Athens, GRC.

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|December 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) show promise in spine surgery for improving clinical decisions and surgical planning. These AI/ML models demonstrate good accuracy, particularly in patient selection and outcome prediction.

Keywords:
ai & robotics in healthcareartificial intelligencehealthcare improvementmachine learningpatient reported outcomesspine

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Area of Science:

  • Spine Surgery
  • Medical Informatics
  • Artificial Intelligence

Background:

  • The integration of artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning (ML) into surgical fields is rapidly evolving.
  • Spine surgery presents complex challenges in clinical decision-making and surgical planning, offering potential for AI/ML applications.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and evaluate current applications of AI/ML in spine surgery.
  • To assess the effectiveness of AI/ML in guiding clinical decision-making and surgical planning.

Main Methods:

  • A systematic literature review was conducted across Scopus, PubMed, and Google Scholar.
  • Studies were filtered using Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
  • 46 studies meeting the inclusion criteria were analyzed.

Main Results:

  • AI/ML models achieved a mean accuracy of 74.9%, excelling in preoperative patient selection, cost prediction, and length of stay prediction.
  • Performance was also strong in predicting functional outcomes and postoperative mortality.
  • Deep learning/artificial neural networks showed the highest sensitivity (81.5%), with regression analysis being the most common application.

Conclusions:

  • AI/ML applications in spine surgery are promising, with most studies published after 2018.
  • The increasing availability of Big Data and AI tools suggests gradual adoption in clinical practice.
  • Spine surgeons should understand AI/ML principles to enhance patient care.