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Axillary Lymph Node in Extra-Ocular Retinoblastoma - Benign or Malignant?
Shubha Gadde Ravindra1, Sambit Sagar1, Shilpa Khanna Arora2
1Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET-CT, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, New Delhi, India.
Summary
A pediatric case of retinoblastoma (RB) shows extra-ocular spread to axillary lymph nodes. This finding highlights the importance of comprehensive staging in retinoblastoma diagnosis.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Pediatric Oncology
- Radiology
Background:
- Retinoblastoma (RB) is the most common intraocular malignancy in children.
- Extra-ocular extension of RB can occur, necessitating thorough staging for appropriate management.
- Early detection and accurate staging are crucial for improving patient outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To report a rare case of extra-ocular retinoblastoma with lymph node metastasis.
- To illustrate the utility of advanced imaging techniques in retinoblastoma staging.
- To emphasize the importance of comprehensive staging in pediatric cancer.
Main Methods:
- Case presentation of a 1-year-old male child with suspected retinoblastoma.
- Contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain and orbits.
- 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography/computed tomography (FDG-PET/CT) scan for baseline staging.
Main Results:
- MRI confirmed left eye extra-ocular retinoblastoma.
- FDG-PET/CT scan revealed extra-ocular retinoblastoma.
- FDG-PET/CT scan identified a calcified left axillary level I lymph node metastasis.
Conclusions:
- This case demonstrates retinoblastoma with unexpected extra-ocular spread to axillary lymph nodes.
- FDG-PET/CT is a valuable tool for comprehensive staging of retinoblastoma.
- Routinely considering nodal staging may be important in select retinoblastoma cases.
