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Catalysis02:50

Catalysis

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The presence of a catalyst affects the rate of a chemical reaction. A catalyst is a substance that can increase the reaction rate without being consumed during the process. A basic comprehension of a catalysts’ role during chemical reactions can be understood from the concept of reaction mechanisms and energy diagrams.
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Catalytically Perfect Enzymes01:07

Catalytically Perfect Enzymes

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The theory of catalytically perfect enzymes was first proposed by W.J. Albery and J. R. Knowles in 1976. These enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions at high-speed. Their catalytic efficiency values range from 108-109 M-1s-1. These enzymes are also called 'diffusion-controlled' as the only rate-limiting step in the catalysis is that of the substrate diffusion into the active site. Examples include triose phosphate isomerase, fumarase, and superoxide dismutase.
 
Most enzymes...
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Factors Influencing the Rate of Chemical Reactions01:22

Factors Influencing the Rate of Chemical Reactions

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A variety of factors influence the rate of chemical reactions. For a chemical reaction to happen, atoms must collide with enough energy to overcome the repulsion between their electrons. This energy is called activation energy. Factors influencing the rate of reaction either lower the activation energy or increase the likelihood of a successful collision.
Concentration and Pressure:
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Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis01:13

Introduction to Mechanisms of Enzyme Catalysis

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For many years, scientists thought that enzyme-substrate binding took place in a simple "lock-and-key" fashion. This model stated that the enzyme and substrate fit together perfectly in one instantaneous step. However, current research supports a more refined view scientists call induced fit. The induced-fit model expands upon the lock-and-key model by describing a more dynamic interaction between enzyme and substrate. As the enzyme and substrate come together, their interaction causes...
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Reduction of Alkenes: Asymmetric Catalytic Hydrogenation02:17

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Catalytic hydrogenation of alkenes is a transition-metal catalyzed reduction of the double bond using molecular hydrogen to give alkanes. The mode of hydrogen addition follows syn stereochemistry.
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Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency01:19

Turnover Number and Catalytic Efficiency

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The turnover number of an enzyme is the maximum number of substrate molecules it can transform per unit time. Turnover numbers for most enzymes range from 1 to 1000 molecules per second. Catalase has the known highest turnover number, capable of converting up to 2.8×106 molecules of hydrogen peroxide into water and oxygen per second. Lysozyme has the lowest known turnover number of half a molecule per second.
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Author Spotlight: Accelerating Discovery in Microporous Material Chemistry
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Swiss CAT+, a Data-driven Infrastructure for Accelerated Catalysts Discovery and Optimization.

Paco Laveille1, Pascal Miéville2, Sourav Chatterjee3

  • 1Swiss CAT+ East Hub, ETHZ, CH-8093 Zurich. plaveille@ethz.ch.

Chimia
|December 4, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

The Catalysis Hub - Swiss CAT+ integrates automated experimentation and computational analysis to speed up sustainable catalysis research. This platform supports both academic and private groups in discovering new catalysts.

Keywords:
AutomationCatalystsData-drivenResearch infrastructure

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Area of Science:

  • Catalysis
  • Sustainable Technologies
  • Chemical Engineering

Background:

  • The Catalysis Hub - Swiss CAT+ is a new infrastructure project funded by ETH-domain.
  • It is co-headed by EPFL and ETHZ, focusing on accelerating discoveries in sustainable catalytic technologies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To establish an integrated technology platform combining automated experimentation and computational data analysis.
  • To support academic and private research groups in catalyst discovery.

Main Methods:

  • Development of high-end robotic platforms for synthesis, characterization, and testing of catalysts.
  • Implementation of a fully digitalized experimental workflow.
  • Utilizing a specific data management strategy for closed-loop experimentation and advanced computational analysis.

Main Results:

  • Acquisition and development of advanced robotic platforms at EPFL (homogeneous catalysis) and ETHZ (heterogeneous catalysis).
  • Establishment of a digitalized workflow and data management strategy to support high-throughput experimentation.
  • Creation of an integrated platform to accelerate catalyst discovery.

Conclusions:

  • The Catalysis Hub - Swiss CAT+ provides a unique infrastructure for advancing sustainable catalytic technologies.
  • The integrated approach of automated experimentation and computational analysis is key to accelerating catalyst discovery.
  • The platform is open to external academic and private research groups, fostering collaboration.