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Programmable photochemical deoxygenation for 2.5D grayscale printing.

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  • 1Department of Chemistry, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, Guangdong 518055, P. R. China. luw@sustech.edu.cn.

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Summary

This study demonstrates homomolecular photon upconversion polymerization in oxygenated solutions. The process utilizes photochemical deoxygenation and digital light processing for 2.5D grayscale printing applications.

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Area of Science:

  • Photochemistry
  • Polymer Science
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Photon upconversion is a process that converts lower-energy photons to higher-energy photons.
  • Radical polymerization is a common method for polymer synthesis.
  • Molecular oxygen can inhibit radical polymerization.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate homomolecular photon upconversion-induced radical polymerization in an aerated solution.
  • To explore the use of sensitized photochemical deoxygenation to overcome oxygen inhibition.
  • To program this photoreaction into 2.5D grayscale printings using digital light processing.

Main Methods:

  • Homomolecular photon upconversion was initiated in an aerated dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) solution.
  • Sensitized photochemical deoxygenation was employed to deplete molecular oxygen.
  • Digital light processing (DLP) was used to control the polymerization spatially, enabling 2.5D grayscale printing.

Main Results:

  • Homomolecular photon upconversion successfully initiated radical polymerization in the presence of molecular oxygen.
  • Photochemical deoxygenation effectively removed oxygen, enabling polymerization to proceed.
  • The photoreaction was successfully programmed into 2.5D grayscale patterns using DLP.

Conclusions:

  • Homomolecular photon upconversion can drive radical polymerization even in aerated conditions by concurrent deoxygenation.
  • This approach offers a novel method for oxygen-tolerant photopolymerization.
  • The technique is suitable for creating 2.5D grayscale structures via digital light processing, opening avenues for advanced material fabrication.