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Racial difference in mortality among COVID-19 hospitalizations in California

Muni Rubens1,2, Venkataraghavan Ramamoorthy3, Anshul Saxena3

  • 1Miami Cancer Institute, Baptist Health South Florida, Miami, FL, USA.

Scientific Reports
|December 4, 2023
PubMed

Insights

Hispanic COVID-19 patients in California experienced significantly higher in-hospital mortality and intensive care unit (ICU) admission rates compared to White patients. These findings highlight critical racial disparities in COVID-19 outcomes.

Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Epidemiology
  • Health Disparities

Background:

  • Racial disparities in US hospital outcomes are well-documented.
  • COVID-19 has disproportionately affected minority populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between race and in-hospital mortality among COVID-19 patients in California.
  • To examine the association between race and intensive care unit (ICU) admission in COVID-19 patients.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of the California State Inpatient Database for 2020.
  • Inclusion of COVID-19 hospitalizations for patients aged 18 years and older.
  • Utilized Cox proportional hazards and logistic regression models to assess associations between race and outcomes.

Main Results:

  • Analysis included 87,934 COVID-19 hospitalizations: Hispanic (56.5%), White (27.3%), Asian/Pacific Islander/Native American (9.9%), Black (6.3%).
  • Hispanic patients showed higher mortality risk compared to White, Black, and Asian/Pacific Islander/Native American groups.
  • Hispanic, Black, and Asian/Pacific Islander/Native American patients had significantly higher odds of ICU admission compared to White patients.

Conclusions:

  • Significant racial disparities in COVID-19 mortality and ICU admission were observed in California.
  • Hispanic individuals faced the most severe outcomes, with the highest mortality and ICU admission rates.
  • Findings underscore the need for targeted interventions to address racial inequities in healthcare.

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