Explore the spatial pattern of carbon emissions in urban functional zones: a case study of Pudong, Shanghai, China

It is crucial for the development of carbon reduction strategies to accurately examine the spatial distribution of carbon emissions. Limited by data availability and lack of industry segmentation, previous studies attempting to model spatial carbon emissions still suffer from significant uncertainty. Taking Pudong New Area as an example, with the help of multi-source data, this paper proposed a research framework for the amount calculation and spatial distribution simulation of its CO₂ emissions at the scale of urban functional zones (UFZs). The methods used in this study were based on mapping relations among the locations of geographic entities and data of multiple sources, using the coefficient method recommended by the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) to calculate emissions. The results showed that the emission intensity of industrial zones and transport zones was much higher than that of other UFZs. In addition, Moran's I test indicated that there was a positive spatial autocorrelation in high emission zones, especially located in industrial zones. The spatial analysis of CO₂ emissions at the UFZ scale deepened the consideration of spatial heterogeneity, which could contribute to the management of low carbon city and the optimal implementation of energy allocation.