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Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Evaluation of Host-Pathogen Responses and Vaccine Efficacy in Mice
Published on: February 22, 2019
[Vaccination in old age: an overview]
Anja Kwetkat1,2,3, Andreas Leischker4, Anne-Sophie Endres4,5
1Medizinische Klinik IV, Klinik für Geriatrie und Palliativmedizin, Klinikum Osnabrück, Am Finkenhügel 1, 49076, Osnabrück, Deutschland. Anja.kwetkat@klinikum-os.de.
Abstract:
Vaccinations against infectious diseases are a highly effective preventive measure, especially in old age due to the higher susceptibility to infections. As the effectiveness of vaccinations decreases in old age due to immune senescence but also due to comorbidities, specific, more immunogenic vaccines have been developed for this target group. In Germany, the Standing Commission on Vaccination (STIKO) publishes annually updated vaccination recommendations also specifically for the 60+ years age group. Since 2018, standard vaccinations for this group have included herpes zoster vaccination with adjuvanted inactivated vaccine. Since 2021, the use of the quadrivalent influenza high-dose vaccine is recommended for this age group. Currently, the annual COVID-19 vaccination and the single pneumococcal vaccination with the new 20-valent conjugate vaccine have been added as standard vaccinations. The free STIKO app provides an always up to date overview of standard and indicated vaccinations for all age groups.
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