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Checkpoint Inhibitor-Induced Neurotoxicity in a Case of Metastatic Melanoma
Abstract:
Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are increasingly being used in the treatment of malignant melanoma. While showing promise in metastatic melanoma treatment, CPIs are associated with immune-related adverse events in various organ systems. Among these events, checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity stands out as a particularly rare yet diagnostically challenging and potentially life-threatening occurrence. We report a unique case of checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity in a patient with metastatic melanoma directly after beginning treatment with checkpoint inhibitor encorafenib. The patient presented with an unclear clinical course, with features of Guillain-Barré syndrome, myasthenia gravis, and brainstem encephalitis. We followed a recently established management algorithm for checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity with positive outcomes. This case report highlights the importance of recognizing checkpoint inhibitor-induced neurotoxicity as a potential adverse effect of CPIs when treating metastatic melanoma. J Drugs Dermatol. 2023;22(12):e25-e27. doi:10.36849/JDD.7991e.
Insights
Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) can cause rare neurotoxicity in metastatic melanoma patients. Early recognition and management of this adverse event are crucial for positive outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Neuro-oncology
- Dermatology
- Immunology
Background:
- Checkpoint inhibitors (CPIs) are vital in treating metastatic melanoma.
- CPIs can cause immune-related adverse events affecting various organs.
- Neurotoxicity is a rare, challenging, and potentially fatal CPI side effect.
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