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COVID-19: detection methods in post-mortem samples.

Ilaria Tedesco1, Federica Zito Marino1, Andrea Ronchi1

  • 1Pathology Unit, Department of Mental and Physical Health and Preventive Medicine, Università degli Studi della Campania "L. Vanvitelli", Naples, Italy.

Pathologica
|December 6, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Detecting COVID-19 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) autopsy tissues using qRT-PCR, IHC, and ISH aids understanding pathogenesis. This review discusses COVID-19 detection methods in post-mortem samples, focusing on assay sensitivity and specificity.

Keywords:
COVID-19autopsy samplesimmunohistochemistryin situ hybridization

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Area of Science:

  • Pathology
  • Virology
  • Molecular Biology

Background:

  • COVID-19 diagnosis typically uses fresh samples like swabs.
  • Detecting SARS-CoV-2 in formalin-fixed paraffin-embedded (FFPE) autopsy tissues can elucidate pathogenesis.
  • Understanding virus behavior in deceased individuals is crucial.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review methods for detecting SARS-CoV-2 in post-mortem FFPE tissues.
  • To discuss the sensitivity and specificity of various detection assays.
  • To highlight the importance of FFPE sample analysis in COVID-19 research.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on COVID-19 detection in FFPE samples.
  • Analysis of quantitative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) performance.
  • Evaluation of immunohistochemistry (IHC) and in situ hybridization (ISH) techniques.

Main Results:

  • qRT-PCR is the gold standard for SARS-CoV-2 detection in FFPE samples, similar to fresh samples.
  • IHC and ISH offer complementary methods for viral detection in tissues.
  • Sensitivity and specificity data for these assays in post-mortem tissues are critical for accurate interpretation.

Conclusions:

  • FFPE tissue analysis provides valuable insights into COVID-19 pathogenesis.
  • Multiple detection methods, including qRT-PCR, IHC, and ISH, are applicable to post-mortem samples.
  • Further studies are needed to optimize and validate these assays for routine use in forensic and pathological investigations.