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Treatments of palpebral congenital melanocytic nevus: a systematic review
Cristina Pires Camargo1, Marita Saliba2, Elio Assaad Saad2
1Universidade de São Paulo - School of Medicine - Laboratory of Microsurgery and Plastic Surgery - São Paulo (São Paulo) - Brazil.
Purpose:
Palpebral congenital melanocytic nevi (PCMN) is a rare congenital skin lesion affecting the eyelids that can lead to cosmetic and psychological concerns and potential health risks such as malignancy. Several authors have analyzed therapeutical strategies to treat PCMN. However, there was no consensus in the literature. This systematic review aimed to evaluate the effectiveness, safety, and success of treatments of PCMN.
Methods:
We conducted a systematic review following PRISMA guidelines from October 2022 to April 2023. We included all types of study designs that described or compared PCMN treatments and interventions, as well as histology, recurrence, adverse events, patient satisfaction, and malignant transformation. The search strategy was based on specific search words through the following databases: PubMed, Embase, Latin American and Caribbean Health Sciences Literature (Lilacs), Web of Science, and Scopus. Ongoing studies and gray literature studies were included.
Results:
We analyzed 25 case reports with 148 participants. The effectiveness, success, and satisfaction with various treatments for PCMN depend on the specific treatment method and the individual patient's case.
Conclusions:
Most of the studies showed that surgical procedures (exeresis) are able to treat PCMN in the eyelid. The variability in outcomes emphasizes the importance of further research to better understand the most effective and safe approaches for treating congenital melanocytic nevi.
Insights
Surgical exeresis is effective for treating eyelid congenital melanocytic nevi (PCMN). Further research is needed to determine the safest and most successful treatment approaches for PCMN.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Dermatology
- Plastic Surgery
Background:
- Palpebral congenital melanocytic nevi (PCMN) are rare eyelid lesions causing cosmetic, psychological, and potential health concerns, including malignancy.
- Existing literature lacks consensus on optimal PCMN treatment strategies.
- This review addresses the need for a comprehensive evaluation of PCMN interventions.
Approach:
- A systematic review adhering to PRISMA guidelines was conducted from October 2022 to April 2023.
- Searches across major databases (PubMed, Embase, Lilacs, Web of Science, Scopus) included all study designs evaluating PCMN treatments.
- Included outcomes: histology, recurrence, adverse events, patient satisfaction, and malignant transformation.
Key Points:
- Analyzed 25 case reports involving 148 participants.
- Treatment effectiveness, success, and patient satisfaction for PCMN are case-dependent.
- Surgical exeresis demonstrated efficacy in treating PCMN of the eyelid.
Conclusions:
- Surgical procedures, specifically exeresis, are frequently cited as effective for PCMN treatment.
- Variability in treatment outcomes highlights the need for further research.
- Identifying optimal, safe, and effective approaches for PCMN management remains crucial.
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