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Conical shell X-ray beam tomosynthesis and micro-computed tomography for microarchitectural characterisation.

Emily L Arnold1, Farid Elarnaut2, David Downes2

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Focal construct geometry (FCG) tomosynthesis shows promise for measuring bone microarchitecture, comparable to micro-computed tomography (µCT). This imaging technique can aid in diagnosing bone diseases like osteoporosis.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Imaging
  • Orthopedics
  • Materials Science

Background:

  • Bone quality assessment is crucial for diagnosing bone diseases, including osteoporosis.
  • Microarchitecture analysis is key for predicting bone fractures.
  • Micro-computed tomography (µCT) is a standard for high-resolution bone imaging.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To compare microarchitectural parameters derived from micro-computed tomography (µCT) and tomosynthesis using focal construct geometry (FCG).
  • To evaluate the utility of FCG tomosynthesis for bone morphometric analysis.

Main Methods:

  • A bovine distal femur was imaged using both µCT and FCG tomosynthesis.
  • Six regions of interest (ROIs) were analyzed.
  • Images were binarized using global and adaptive methods; FCG images were downsampled to match µCT pixel size. Bone morphometrics were calculated using BoneJ.

Main Results:

  • Bone area/total area showed few significant differences between FCG and µCT (p < 0.05 in 2/6 ROIs).
  • Fractal Dimension had only one significant difference (p < 0.05 in 1/6 ROIs) between modalities after pixel size equalization.
  • Trabecular thickness and spacing trends mirrored µCT, though absolute values often differed significantly (p < 0.05 in 1-6 ROIs).

Conclusions:

  • FCG tomosynthesis is a viable method for measuring bone microarchitectural morphometrics.
  • The findings support the utility of tomosynthesis as an alternative imaging modality for bone quality assessment.