Tyrosine kinase inhibitors in osteosarcoma: Adapting treatment strategiesa

Area of Science:

• Oncology
• Molecular Biology
• Pharmacology

Background:

• Osteosarcoma (OS) is an aggressive bone cancer with limited treatment advancements.
• Current survival rates for OS have plateaued over the last four decades.
• Novel therapeutic strategies are urgently needed for OS patients.

Purpose of the Study:

• To explore the potential of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) as a treatment for osteosarcoma.
• To investigate the role of receptor tyrosine kinase genetic alterations and expression in OS.
• To evaluate TKIs as monotherapies and combination therapies for OS.

Main Methods:

• A comprehensive literature search was performed to gather data on receptor tyrosine kinases in OS.
• Genetic alterations and protein expression of these receptors were analyzed.
• The efficacy of TKIs, including apatinib, regorafenib, and cabozantinib, was evaluated.

Main Results:

• Genetic alterations and protein expression of receptor tyrosine kinases correlate with OS prognosis and tumor behavior.
• Certain TKIs, such as apatinib, regorafenib, and cabozantinib, show therapeutic potential.
• Combination therapy with TKIs and chemotherapy may improve outcomes for OS patients.

Conclusions:

• TKIs represent a promising therapeutic avenue for osteosarcoma.
• Identifying predictive biomarkers for TKI response is crucial for optimizing treatment.
• Larger-scale clinical trials are necessary to validate the efficacy and safety of TKIs in OS.