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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 9, 2025

Robust Ligature-Induced Model of Murine Periodontitis for the Evaluation of Oral Neutrophils
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Periodontitis causally affects the brain cortical structure: A Mendelian randomization study.

Mengqiao Wang1, Ziyao Wang1, Delu Zhao1

  • 1Department of Orthodontics, School and Hospital of Stomatology, Cheeloo College of Medicine, Shandong University & Shandong Key Laboratory of Oral Tissue Regeneration & Shandong Engineering Laboratory for Dental Materials and Oral Tissue Regeneration, Jinan, China.

Journal of Periodontal Research
|December 7, 2023
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Periodontitis, a common gum disease, causally impacts brain structure. This study used Mendelian randomization to link genetic risk for periodontitis to changes in cortical thickness and surface area in specific brain regions.

Keywords:
brain cortexmendelian randomization analysisperiodontitis

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Genetics
  • Periodontology

Background:

  • Periodontitis is a prevalent global inflammatory condition.
  • Emerging evidence suggests periodontitis affects distant organs, including the brain.
  • Brain disorders often show magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)-identified cortical changes, but direct links to periodontitis are unclear.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the causal relationship between genetically proxied periodontitis and brain cortical structure.
  • To assess the impact of periodontitis on global and regional brain cortical surface area (SA) and thickness (TH).

Main Methods:

  • Employed Mendelian randomization (MR) using genetic instrumental variables (IVs) from large genome-wide association studies (GWAS) for periodontitis.
  • Linked periodontitis IVs to brain structural data (SA and TH) from 51,665 individuals via the ENIGMA Consortium.
  • Utilized inverse-variance weighted (IVW) as the primary analysis, with MR-Egger and MR-PRESSO tests for pleiotropy assessment.

Main Results:

  • Genetically proxied periodontitis was found to significantly affect the SA of the medial orbitofrontal cortex, lateral orbitofrontal cortex, inferior temporal cortex, entorhinal cortex, and temporal pole.
  • Periodontitis also impacted the cortical thickness (TH) of the entorhinal cortex.
  • No evidence of horizontal pleiotropy was detected, strengthening the causal inference.

Conclusions:

  • Periodontitis causally influences specific brain cortical structures.
  • Findings suggest the existence of a periodontal tissue-brain axis.
  • Highlights potential systemic effects of oral health on neurological integrity.